{"id":10196,"date":"2022-03-29T14:55:25","date_gmt":"2022-03-29T18:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=10196"},"modified":"2022-03-29T14:55:25","modified_gmt":"2022-03-29T18:55:25","password":"","slug":"cultures-de-couverture-un-outil-avere-pour-un-sol-en-sante","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/ressource\/la-science-du-bio-au-canada-printemps-2022\/cultures-de-couverture-un-outil-avere-pour-un-sol-en-sante\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultures de couverture, un outil av\u00e9r\u00e9 pour un sol en sant\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10196\" class=\"elementor elementor-10196 elementor-9902\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;ha_cmc_init_switcher&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"docs\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d4b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8d4b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e6c981\" data-id=\"3e6c981\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a467ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0a467ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2.Cover-crop-mixture_fall-sampled-OSCIII-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9906\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2.Cover-crop-mixture_fall-sampled-OSCIII-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2.Cover-crop-mixture_fall-sampled-OSCIII-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2.Cover-crop-mixture_fall-sampled-OSCIII-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2.Cover-crop-mixture_fall-sampled-OSCIII-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2.Cover-crop-mixture_fall-sampled-OSCIII-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">M\u00e9langes de cultures de couverture plant\u00e9s apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9colte des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales en 2020. (Photo de St\u00e9phanie Lavergne)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-312ec35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"312ec35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Par Stephanie Lavergne, <\/strong><em>Doctarante, Universit\u00e9 Dalhousie, et<strong> Joannie D&rsquo;Amours, <\/strong>\u00c9tudiante <span class=\"TextRun SCXW115975994 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115975994 BCX0\">\u00e0<\/span><\/span> la Ma\u00eetrise <span class=\"TextRun SCXW134453225 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW134453225 BCX0\">\u00e8s Science, <\/span><\/span>Universit\u00e9 Laval,\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">De nombreuses approches de gestion agricole sont possibles \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du cadre de la certification biologique. Cependant, certaines approches n\u00e9cessitent un travail du sol intensif pour la lutte contre les mauvaises herbes, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">alt\u00e9rant<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> ainsi<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et biologiques du sol. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">Par contre<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">d\u2019autres<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> pratiques<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> comme l\u2019usage de cultures de couverture, pourraient att\u00e9nuer l\u2019effet du travail du sol intensif en am\u00e9liorant la sant\u00e9 du sol. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">Les cultures de couverture sont des cultures non<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">commerciales<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> cultiv\u00e9es soit <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">en<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> pleine saison, en d\u00e9rob\u00e9e ou <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">en <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">intercalaires<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> entre les rangs de cultures commerciales<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">. Elles sont principalement utilis\u00e9<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">e<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">s <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">afin de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> promouvoir la sant\u00e9 d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">es<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> sol<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">, en <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">favorisant<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> la biodiversit\u00e9 et en r\u00e9duisant l\u2019\u00e9rosion, mais peuvent \u00e9galement servir \u00e0 <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">lutter contre <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">les mauvaises herbes, soutenir les pollinisateurs et r\u00e9duire la pression des<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> insectes<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> ravageurs<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">dans<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\"> les cultures commerciales<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW99636846 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW99636846 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-435f2e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"435f2e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sant\u00e9 des sols <\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14feeef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14feeef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La sant\u00e9 des sols peut \u00eatre d\u00e9finie comme la capacit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me d\u2019un sol \u00e0 accomplir ses fonctions vitales. De telles fonctions peuvent \u00eatre, par exemple, de soutenir la croissance des plantes, de fournir des habitats \u00e0 divers organismes, d\u2019att\u00e9nuer les changements climatiques, de r\u00e9guler les inondations, de s\u00e9questrer du carbone, etc. Le sol est \u00e0 la base de la production agricole. Il rev\u00eat une importance particuli\u00e8re en agriculture biologique, car la nutrition des cultures dans ces syst\u00e8mes repose principalement sur l\u2019activit\u00e9 des organismes du sol (le r\u00e9seau trophique du sol).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Une r\u00e9cente \u00e9tude de Dr Derek Lynch et Mme Carolynn Mann portant sur la perception de la sant\u00e9 des sols chez les agriculteurs des provinces maritimes du Canada a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que les agriculteurs biologiques s&rsquo;int\u00e9ressent particuli\u00e8rement \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 biologique de leurs sols. \u00c0 l\u2019instar de l\u2019\u00e9valuation de la sant\u00e9 humaine, la sant\u00e9 des sols est mesur\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une combinaison de tests. Alors que certains de ces tests physiques, chimiques et biologiques peuvent \u00eatre effectu\u00e9s directement sur le terrain, d\u2019autres analyses de la sant\u00e9 des sols sont effectu\u00e9es en laboratoire sur des \u00e9chantillons de sol repr\u00e9sentatifs d\u2019un champ. Les analyses de sol peuvent \u00e9valuer plus largement la sant\u00e9 globale du sol \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle d\u2019une ferme, ou \u00e9valuer plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment un probl\u00e8me ou une approche agronomique sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 un champ.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-251ae6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"251ae6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les cultures de couverture fournissent de l\u2019azote au ma\u00efs-grain biologique <\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0075546 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0075546\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">Les cultures de couverture sont souvent sem\u00e9es <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">en d\u00e9rob\u00e9e <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">\u00e0 l\u2019automne par les producteurs biologiques canadiens afin de fournir une couverture du sol <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">durant<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> l\u2019hiver<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> pr\u00e9ven<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">ant ainsi l\u2019\u00e9rosion du sol et<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> les pertes <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">en <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">\u00e9l\u00e9ments nutritifs<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">, en plus<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> de fournir de l\u2019azote pour la culture suivante. Les producteurs \u00e9taient curieux <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> savoir si les m\u00e9langes de cultures de couverture <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">en d\u00e9rob\u00e9e <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">pouvaient \u00eatre plus performants que les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">semis<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> purs de pois fourrager <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">en d\u00e9rob\u00e9e<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> (cv. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">4010). Une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval et d\u2019Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada a mesur\u00e9 la <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">concentration<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> en azote de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> la biomasse a\u00e9rienne <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">et racin<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">aire<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> des m\u00e9langes de cultures de couverture \u00e0 base de pois<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> afin d\u2019\u00e9valuer leur effet sur l\u2019azote du sol <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">disponible <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">et le rendement du ma\u00efs<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">-grain<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante. L\u2019\u00e9tude sur le terrain a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e au Qu\u00e9bec <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">sur<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">un site<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> recherche <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">exp\u00e9rimental<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">e<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> et <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">chez<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">un producteur <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">de ma\u00efs-grain biologique. Trois m\u00e9langes de cultures de couverture contenant <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">du<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> pois <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">fourrager<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9s \u00e0 des <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\">semis<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209927506 BCX0\"> purs de pois fourrager.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW209927506 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7d37689 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7d37689\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-126ffa9\" data-id=\"126ffa9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f8176d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f8176d7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e0381c9\" data-id=\"e0381c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c9695e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3c9695e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.Earthworm-in-a-soybean-field_2020-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9908\" alt=\"Earthworm in a Soybean Field - Organic Science Canada Magazine Spring 2022\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.Earthworm-in-a-soybean-field_2020-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.Earthworm-in-a-soybean-field_2020-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.Earthworm-in-a-soybean-field_2020-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.Earthworm-in-a-soybean-field_2020-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.Earthworm-in-a-soybean-field_2020-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Un ver de terre dans un champ de soja r\u00e9colt\u00e9. (Photo de St\u00e9phanie Lavergne)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e2b6cc\" data-id=\"7e2b6cc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-846eb53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"846eb53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">L\u2019\u00e9tude a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 qu\u2019en moyenne, les racines des cultures de couverture <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">ne <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">repr\u00e9sentaient que 14 % de la <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">concentration<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> totale en azote des cultures de couverture. Les m\u00e9langes \u00e0 base de pois avaient une biomasse <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">a\u00e9rienne <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">plus faible, mais une biomasse racinaire plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e que le <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">semis<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> pur de pois fourrager. Le rendement du ma\u00efs<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">-grain<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> \u00e0 la suite d\u2019un <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">semis<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> pur de <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">pois fourrager ou de <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">m\u00e9langes \u00e0 base de pois a \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9 de 28 % par rapport \u00e0 un t\u00e9moin sans culture de couverture. Ainsi, les m\u00e9langes \u00e0 base de pois sont une bonne alternative \u00e0 un <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\">semis<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> pur de pois<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> fourrager<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65749453 BCX0\"> pour fournir de l\u2019azote\u00a0au\u00a0ma\u00efs-grain, car ils am\u00e9lioreraient davantage la sant\u00e9 des sols et\u00a0favoriseraient\u00a0les services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques\u00a0par\u00a0leur plus grande biomasse racinaire.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c96289 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5c96289\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4672bba\" data-id=\"4672bba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88f2332 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"88f2332\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"><span class=\"EOP SCXW65749453 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">En fouillant dans la litt\u00e9rature scientifique, les chercheurs ont \u00e9galement <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">pu mettre en \u00e9vidence<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> que <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">cultures de couverture <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">de l\u00e9gumineuses ou <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">constitu\u00e9es de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> m\u00e9langes <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">\u00e0 base de l\u00e9gumineuses sont les mieux adapt\u00e9<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">e<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">s pour augmenter les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">concentrations<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">en <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">azote et en carbone dans le sol et pour am\u00e9liorer les rendements, tandis que les<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> non-l\u00e9gumineuses<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> sont les mieux adapt\u00e9es pour r\u00e9duire l\u2019azote r\u00e9siduel du sol et lutter contre les mauvaises herbes. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">Lors du choix<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">d\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">une culture de couverture <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">sem\u00e9e en d\u00e9rob\u00e9e<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">, les agriculteurs devraient <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">donc <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">envisager<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> des m\u00e9langes d\u2019esp\u00e8ces de l\u00e9gumineuses et de <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">gramin\u00e9es<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">, car <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">ces m\u00e9langes<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> offrent un bon compromis entre les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">b\u00e9n\u00e9fices<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\"> agronomiques et les services <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">\u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">du sol<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW212580725 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW212580725 BCX0\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );\" data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-592a39d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"592a39d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1.Corn-harvest_end-of-the-project-1-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9947\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1.Corn-harvest_end-of-the-project-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1.Corn-harvest_end-of-the-project-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1.Corn-harvest_end-of-the-project-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1.Corn-harvest_end-of-the-project-1.jpg 1292w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">L\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du ma\u00efs-grain pr\u00eat \u00e0 \u00eatre r\u00e9colt\u00e9 au cours de la derni\u00e8re journ\u00e9e de champ du projet. (Photo de Pascal Tessier) <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-204c18b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"204c18b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1af5aa5\" data-id=\"1af5aa5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d858f3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d858f3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sant\u00e9 des sols dans des syst\u00e8mes biologiques bas\u00e9s sur le travail du sol<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4e621b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4e621b1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5410eb8\" data-id=\"5410eb8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9559671 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9559671\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bien que l\u2019utilisation de cultures de couverture puisse augmenter les rendements des cultures commerciales, des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">men\u00e9es sur des fermes <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ont montr\u00e9 que des rotations diversifi\u00e9es incluant des cultures de couverture sont tout de m\u00eame associ\u00e9es \u00e0 une augmentation de l\u2019intensit\u00e9 du travail du sol et \u00e0 un effet n\u00e9gatif sur la sant\u00e9 des sols. Les gouvernements f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et provincial ont fix\u00e9 des objectifs ambitieux en mati\u00e8re de conservation des sols afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer \u00e0 la fois la sant\u00e9 des sols et la s\u00e9questration du carbone dans les sols. La recherche doit nous aider \u00e0 comprendre comment les pratiques de gestion du sol et les approches combin\u00e9es influencent la sant\u00e9 des sols et la dynamique du carbone du sol.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"none\">La doctorante St\u00e9phanie Lavergne (Universit\u00e9 Dalhousie), Dr Derek Lynch (Universit\u00e9 Dalhousie) et Dre Caroline Halde (Universit\u00e9 Laval) collaborent avec 11 agriculteurs biologiques du Qu\u00e9bec pour combler cette lacune en mati\u00e8re de recherche. Une \u00e9tude des sols <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">sur ces 11 fermes<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> est en cours pour d\u00e9terminer l\u2019effet de certaines pratiques de gestion des sols sur les indicateurs de sant\u00e9 des sols et sur la dynamique des populations de vers de terre. Les vers de terre sont des indicateurs particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9cieux lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de la sant\u00e9 des sols, car ils contribuent \u00e0 la dynamique du carbone dans le sol et sont sensibles aux pratiques culturales.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Les agriculteurs biologiques sont curieux de savoir : comment la sant\u00e9 des sols varie-t-elle\u00a0 d\u2019une ferme \u00e0 l\u2019autre? Quels indicateurs de la sant\u00e9 des sols sont influenc\u00e9s par leurs pratiques de gestion? Quelles fonctions de sant\u00e9 des sols devraient-ils promouvoir et comment peuvent-ils les \u00e9valuer?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Les r\u00e9sultats pr\u00e9liminaires de cette \u00e9tude effectu\u00e9e sur des fermes en production de grains biologiques au Qu\u00e9bec sugg\u00e8rent que l\u2019abondance en vers de terre et la diversit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces sont influenc\u00e9es par les concentrations en mati\u00e8re organique du sol et les pratiques de gestion, telles que l\u2019intensit\u00e9 du travail du sol et la rotation des cultures. Plus concr\u00e8tement, la quantit\u00e9\u00a0 totale des vers de terre diminuerait avec l\u2019augmentation de la fr\u00e9quence du travail du sol \u2013 une plus grande fr\u00e9quence de travail de sol serait associ\u00e9e avec une plus faible population de vers de terre.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Un producteur qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois participant au projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 surpris par l\u2019abondance de vers de terre dans ses champs en 2019. Ce producteur a adopt\u00e9 des pratiques de travail r\u00e9duit du sol depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es\u00a0 et il se r\u00e9jouit de l\u2019effet positif r\u00e9el sur la sant\u00e9 du sol de sa ferme.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Cette \u00e9tude \u00e9tait toujours en cours \u00e0 l\u2019automne 2021. Les r\u00e9sultats sur l&rsquo;influence des pratiques de gestion sur la sant\u00e9 des sols et la dynamique du carbone devraient \u00eatre disponibles prochainement.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXW57198136 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW57198136 BCX0\">Tableau 1.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW57198136 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW57198136 BCX0\"> R\u00e9sum\u00e9 des r\u00e9sultats de l\u2019\u00e9tude sur les m\u00e9langes de cultures de couverture.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW57198136 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42481f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"42481f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"573\" height=\"346\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cover-Cropping-Treatment-Table-FR.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10198\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cover-Cropping-Treatment-Table-FR.png 573w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cover-Cropping-Treatment-Table-FR-300x181.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 573px) 100vw, 573px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c33356e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c33356e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8859d84\" data-id=\"8859d84\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-741bb87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"741bb87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"912\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/5.Earthworm-sampling_june-2019-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9937\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/5.Earthworm-sampling_june-2019-2.jpg 684w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/5.Earthworm-sampling_june-2019-2-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Un \u00e9tudiant trie \u00e0 la main des vers de terre sur le terrain. (Photo de St\u00e9phanie Lavergne)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e30076a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e30076a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbc0c42\" data-id=\"bbc0c42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d402bf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d402bf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75b2063 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75b2063\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b86a383\" data-id=\"b86a383\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0145359 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0145359\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">Les cultures de couverture <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">de<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">semis<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">purs <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">et de m\u00e9langes <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">peuvent<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> fournir de nombreux services \u00e9cologiques, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">comme<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> la <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">gestion<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">es mauvaises herbes, l\u2019approvisionnement en azote, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">du<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> rendement des cultures et <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">es <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">b\u00e9n\u00e9fices au niveau de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> la sant\u00e9 des sols. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">L\u2019am\u00e9lioration<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> de<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> connaissances sur la contribution de diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces de cultures de <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">couverture<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">\u00e0 la<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> biomasse <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">a\u00e9rienne<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">\/racin<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">aire<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> et <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">aux<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">concentration<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> en carbone et en azote aiderait les producteurs \u00e0 choisir les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">esp\u00e8ces de <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">cultures de couverture (ou les m\u00e9langes) qui r\u00e9pondent le mieux \u00e0 leurs besoins. De plus, les recherches <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">futures <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">devraient clairement identifier les m\u00e9canismes sous-jacents \u00e0 la min\u00e9ralisation de l\u2019azote du sol, \u00e0 la stabilisation du carbone et aux <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">b\u00e9n\u00e9fices<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">sur<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> la sant\u00e9 des sols <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">es<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> cultures de couverture <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">pour<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes cultur<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">aux<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">Ces recherches<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">devraient <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">aider<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\">les agriculteurs et les<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> diff\u00e9rents<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW62737728 BCX0\"> intervenants \u00e0 adapter leurs pratiques pour am\u00e9liorer les rendements des cultures biologiques tout en maintenant la sant\u00e9 des sols.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW62737728 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-931ac45 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"931ac45\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67faa9e\" data-id=\"67faa9e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79b9f31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"79b9f31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"628\" height=\"417\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cover-Crop-Sampling.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9949\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cover-Crop-Sampling.jpg 628w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cover-Crop-Sampling-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Des \u00e9tudiants de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval pr\u00e9l\u00e8vent des \u00e9chantillons de biomasse de cultures de couverture avant leur terminaison par le gel hivernal en octobre 2017. (Photo de Caroline Halde)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dc77c24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dc77c24\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0dc90bf\" data-id=\"0dc90bf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7468394 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7468394\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>Pour davantage d&rsquo;information<\/h5><p>Pour plus d\u2019informations sur la Grappe biologique 3 \u2013 Activit\u00e9 27, voir <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dal.ca\/OACC\/OSC\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.dal.ca\/OACC\/OSC<\/a><\/p><p>Pour obtenir plus d\u2019information sur les syst\u00e8mes avec engrais verts dans l\u2019Est du Canada : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dal.ca\/faculty\/agriculture\/oacc\/en-home\/organic-science-cluster\/OSCIII\/latestnews-\/producer-bulletins.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.dal.ca\/faculty\/agriculture\/oacc\/en-home\/organic-science-cluster\/OSCIII\/latestnews-\/producer-bulletins.html<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-396abb9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"396abb9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-586755f\" data-id=\"586755f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d549bd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d549bd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2df6714 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2df6714\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-15f39dd\" data-id=\"15f39dd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50ff16d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50ff16d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La Grappe scientifique biologique 3 est dirig\u00e9e par la\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.organicfederation.ca\/fr\">F\u00e9d\u00e9ration biologique du Canada<\/a>, en collaboration avec le\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dal.ca\/faculty\/agriculture\/oacc\/fr-accueil.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Centre d\u2019agriculture biologique du Canada \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Dalhousie<\/a>, et soutenue par le\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.agr.gc.ca\/fra\/programmes-et-services\/programme-agri-science-grappes\/?id=1511185929317\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">programme Agri-science<\/a>\u00a0d\u2019Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, dans le cadre strat\u00e9gique du\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.agr.gc.ca\/fra\/a-propos-de-nous\/initiatives-ministerielles-importantes\/partenariat-canadien-pour-l-agriculture\/?id=1461767369849\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Partenariat canadien pour l\u2019agriculture<\/a>\u00a0(un investissement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral-provincial-territorial), et par plus de 70 partenaires du secteur biologique.<\/p><p>Ce magazine peut \u00eatre ainsi r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9 : Geldart, E. Graves, M.E., Boudreau, N., Wallace, J., et Hammermeister, A.M. (r\u00e9dacteurs). 2022. La Science du Bio au Canada. Volume 4. F\u00e9d\u00e9ration biologique du Canada, Montr\u00e9al, QC et Universit\u00e9 Dalhousie, Truro, N.-\u00c9. 40 p. www.dal.ca\/oacc\/oscIII<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-316d66e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"316d66e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66d8ba0\" data-id=\"66d8ba0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07255ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"07255ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Final-Magazine-Logo-Line-1-1024x169.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10133\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Final-Magazine-Logo-Line-1-1024x169.png 1024w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Final-Magazine-Logo-Line-1-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Final-Magazine-Logo-Line-1-768x127.png 768w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Final-Magazine-Logo-Line-1-1536x254.png 1536w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Final-Magazine-Logo-Line-1.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36dd2ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36dd2ab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63bc6a8\" data-id=\"63bc6a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8472d6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8472d6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74c9564 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"74c9564\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"459\" height=\"602\" src=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/BC-Berries-FR.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10375\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/BC-Berries-FR.png 459w, https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/BC-Berries-FR-229x300.png 229w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 459px) 100vw, 459px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e9langes de cultures de couverture plant\u00e9s apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9colte des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales en 2020. (Photo de St\u00e9phanie Lavergne) Par Stephanie Lavergne, Doctarante, Universit\u00e9 Dalhousie, et Joannie D&rsquo;Amours, \u00c9tudiante \u00e0 la Ma\u00eetrise \u00e8s Science, Universit\u00e9 Laval,\u00a0 De nombreuses approches de gestion agricole sont possibles \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du cadre de la certification biologique. Cependant, certaines approches n\u00e9cessitent un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"doc_category":[59],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-10196","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-la-science-du-bio-au-canada-printemps-2022"],"year_month":"2026-05","word_count":1855,"total_views":"120","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"Emma Bryce","author_nicename":"emmabryce","author_url":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/author\/emmabryce\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"La Science du Bio au Canada - Printemps 2022","term_url":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/ressource\/la-science-du-bio-au-canada-printemps-2022\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10196"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10446,"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/10196\/revisions\/10446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=10196"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/organicfederation.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=10196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}